The ST ToF sensors send a flash of invisible light. And the frequency we use can do damage to one's eyes. So the power of the flash is carefully regulated. But the sun has no such restriction. It generates vastly more 940nm light than we do. It's sort of like using a tiny flashlight on a bright sunny day. One a really bright day, the ToF signal just gets lost in the noise.
The VL53L8 is the best we have. There is an L9 coming, but I cannot say when. But it won't be this year.
One the brightest of days, the sensor does work in the shade. Is there any way you can shield either the sensor or the target from the sun? That is my only suggestion.