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Karthi
Associate II
March 26, 2025
Question

CubeIDE generate Too Big BIN file for STM32WL

  • March 26, 2025
  • 1 reply
  • 456 views

Hi

We re trying to compile LoRaWAN_END_Node project from STM32WL Cube library. CubeIDE generate 402 MB  bin File. Can someone from STteam  look into this.


MCU STM32WLE5CC
Mac Verion 1.0.3
WL 1.3.1

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ld file

 

/*
******************************************************************************
**
** File : LinkerScript.ld
**
** Author : STM32CubeIDE
**
** Abstract : Linker script for STM32WL55xC Device
** 256Kbytes FLASH
** 64Kbytes RAM
**
** Set heap size, stack size and stack location according
** to application requirements.
**
** Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.
**
** Target : STMicroelectronics STM32
**
** Distribution: The file is distributed as is without any warranty
** of any kind.
**
** Note : For specific memory allocation, linker and startup files must be customized.
** Refer to STM32CubeIDE user guide (UM2609), chapter "Modify the linker script".
**
*****************************************************************************
** @attention
**
** Copyright (c) 2021 STMicroelectronics.
** All rights reserved.
**
** This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
** in the root directory of this software component.
** If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
**
*****************************************************************************
*/

/* Entry Point */
ENTRY(Reset_Handler)

/* Highest address of the user mode stack */
_estack = ORIGIN(RAM1) + LENGTH(RAM1); /* end of "RAM1" Ram type memory */

_Min_Heap_Size = 0x200; /* required amount of heap */
_Min_Stack_Size = 0x800; /* required amount of stack */

/* Memories definition */
MEMORY
{
 RAM1 (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 32K
 NVM_RAM (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x20008000, LENGTH = 4K
 RAM2 (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20009000, LENGTH = 28K
 FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 248K
 USER_Key_region_ROM (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x0803E500, LENGTH = 768
}

/* Sections */
SECTIONS
{
 /* The startup code into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
 .isr_vector :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >FLASH

 /* The program code and other data into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
 .text :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 *(.text) /* .text sections (code) */
 *(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */
 *(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */
 *(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */
 *(.eh_frame)

 KEEP (*(.init))
 KEEP (*(.fini))

 . = ALIGN(8);
 _etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */
 } >FLASH

 /* Constant data into "FLASH" Rom type memory */
 .rodata :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 *(.rodata) /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
 *(.rodata*) /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >FLASH

 .ARM.extab : {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*)
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >FLASH

 .ARM : {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 __exidx_start = .;
 *(.ARM.exidx*)
 __exidx_end = .;
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >FLASH

 .preinit_array :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
 KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
 PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >FLASH

 .init_array :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
 KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
 KEEP (*(.init_array*))
 PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >FLASH

 .fini_array :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
 KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
 KEEP (*(.fini_array*))
 PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >FLASH

 .USER_embedded_Keys : {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 *(.USER_embedded_Keys)
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >USER_Key_region_ROM

 /* Used by the startup to initialize data */
 _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);

 /* Initialized data sections into "RAM1" Ram type memory */
 .data :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 _sdata = .; /* create a global symbol at data start */
 *(.data) /* .data sections */
 *(.data*) /* .data* sections */
 *(.RamFunc) /* .RamFunc sections */
 *(.RamFunc*) /* .RamFunc* sections */

 . = ALIGN(8);
 _edata = .; /* define a global symbol at data end */

 } >RAM1 AT> FLASH

 /* NVM RAM Data */
 LW_NVM_RAM (NOLOAD) :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 *(.bss.LW_NVM_RAM)
 *(.bss.LW_NVM_BACKUP_RAM)
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >NVM_RAM

 /* Uninitialized data section into "RAM1" Ram type memory */
 . = ALIGN(8);
 .bss :
 {
 /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss section */
 _sbss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss start */
 __bss_start__ = _sbss;
 *(.bss)
 *(.bss*)
 *(COMMON)

 . = ALIGN(8);
 _ebss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss end */
 __bss_end__ = _ebss;
 } >RAM1

 /* Data section into "RAM1" Ram type memory: Non-backup RAM1 dedicated to CM4 */
 . = ALIGN(8);
 RAM1_region :
 {
 _sRAM1_region = .; /* define a global symbol at section start */
 *(.RAM1_region)

 . = ALIGN(8);
 _eRAM1_region = .; /* define a global symbol at section end */
 } >RAM1

 /* Data section into "RAM2" Ram type memory: Backup RAM2 dedicated to CM4 */
 . = ALIGN(8);
 RAM2_region :
 {
 _sRAM2_region = .; /* define a global symbol at section start */
 *(.RAM2_region)

 . = ALIGN(8);
 _eRAM2_region = .; /* define a global symbol at section end */
 } >RAM2

 /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough "RAM1" Ram type memory left */
 ._user_heap_stack :
 {
 . = ALIGN(8);
 PROVIDE ( end = . );
 PROVIDE ( _end = . );
 . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
 . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
 . = ALIGN(8);
 } >RAM1

 /* Remove information from the compiler libraries */
 /DISCARD/ :
 {
 libc.a ( * )
 libm.a ( * )
 libgcc.a ( * )
 }

 .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
}

 

 

1 reply

Pavel A.
Super User
March 28, 2025

This is because the executable contains several data blocks at addresses very far away: 08000000 and 20008000.

The tool must output a single flat binary so it just does its best and fills the huge hole(s). Bottom line: the plain .bin file is not optimal format for this program. Why not just use the .hex?