Question
PWM one-shot mode stops working after exactly 427 pulses
Hey all,
I am using a B-L072Z-WLAN1 that talks to another of the same board using LoRa peer-to-peer. The board I am having issues with is supposed to receive how many pulses to send from the other board, then send them using pwm one-shot mode to PA0. Using a live watch expression on pulsesSent, I found that the pwm stops working after exactly 427 pulses. I am completely lost as to why this is happening. Any ideas?
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
* * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "LoRa.h"
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
RTC_HandleTypeDef hrtc;
SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;
TIM_HandleTypeDef htim2;
UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
bool RxReady;
bool firstScan = true;
uint8_t longTermMemory[128];
uint8_t memoryCounter = 0;
uint8_t password[] = {"Renk"};
uint8_t RxBuffer[128] = {0};
uint8_t RxLength;
uint8_t RxPulseCount = 0;
uint8_t UART_Buffer[128];
uint8_t pulseComplete = 0;
uint32_t pulsesSent = 0;
uint32_t setPeriod = 0;
uint16_t pulsesToSend = 0;
uint16_t LoRa_status;
LoRa myLoRa;
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_RTC_Init(void);
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void);
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void);
static void MX_TIM2_Init(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
void copyAndStoreRxData(void);
void LoRaLoadDefaultValues(LoRa *LoRaInstance);
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_RTC_Init();
MX_SPI1_Init();
MX_USART2_UART_Init();
MX_TIM2_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
myLoRa = newLoRa();
LoRaLoadDefaultValues(&myLoRa);
LoRa_reset(&myLoRa);
//initialize LoRa. stay in loop until successful
do
{
LoRa_status = LoRa_init(&myLoRa);
HAL_Delay(100);
}while(LoRa_status != LORA_OK);
memset(RxBuffer, 0, sizeof(RxBuffer));//clear RxBuffer of any leftover information
LoRa_startReceiving(&myLoRa);//set LoRa module to continuous receive mode
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
//PROGRAM FLOW: receive data -> format & store data -> send pulse output -> repeat
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
//if the LoRa module is ready to receive data, then receive it.
if(RxReady == true)
{
RxLength = LoRa_receive(&myLoRa, RxBuffer, 128);
RxReady = false;
}
//if data has been received, execute a function which verifies and stores the data
if(RxLength>0) copyAndStoreRxData();
/*the number of pulse received is stored as an integer. the program adds the number of pulses received
*with each new rx. with each 100ms pulse output that the master MCU gives, the pulse count is
*incremented by 1 until zero. */
if((pulsesToSend>0) && (pulseComplete || firstScan)) //execute if there are pulses to send AND the PWM cycle is finished
{
if(htim2.Instance->CNT) htim2.Instance->CNT = 0; //clear counter register if not 0
htim2.Instance->CR1 |= TIM_CR1_CEN; //enable the timer
while(HAL_TIM_OnePulse_Start_IT(&htim2, TIM_CHANNEL_1) == HAL_BUSY);
pulseComplete--;
pulsesToSend--;
pulsesSent++;
firstScan = false;
}
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
__HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
RCC_OscInitStruct.LSIState = RCC_LSI_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSI;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLLMUL_6;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLDIV = RCC_PLLDIV_3;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART2|RCC_PERIPHCLK_RTC;
PeriphClkInit.Usart2ClockSelection = RCC_USART2CLKSOURCE_PCLK1;
PeriphClkInit.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_LSI;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/**
* @brief RTC Initialization Function
* @PAram None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_RTC_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN RTC_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END RTC_Init 0 */
RTC_TimeTypeDef sTime = {0};
RTC_DateTypeDef sDate = {0};
RTC_AlarmTypeDef sAlarm = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN RTC_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END RTC_Init 1 */
/** Initialize RTC Only
*/
hrtc.Instance = RTC;
hrtc.Init.HourFormat = RTC_HOURFORMAT_24;
hrtc.Init.AsynchPrediv = 31;
hrtc.Init.SynchPrediv = 1023;
hrtc.Init.OutPut = RTC_OUTPUT_DISABLE;
hrtc.Init.OutPutRemap = RTC_OUTPUT_REMAP_NONE;
hrtc.Init.OutPutPolarity = RTC_OUTPUT_POLARITY_HIGH;
hrtc.Init.OutPutType = RTC_OUTPUT_TYPE_OPENDRAIN;
if (HAL_RTC_Init(&hrtc) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN Check_RTC_BKUP */
/* USER CODE END Check_RTC_BKUP */
/** Initialize RTC and set the Time and Date
*/
sTime.Hours = 0;
sTime.Minutes = 0;
sTime.Seconds = 0;
sTime.DayLightSaving = RTC_DAYLIGHTSAVING_NONE;
sTime.StoreOperation = RTC_STOREOPERATION_RESET;
if (HAL_RTC_SetTime(&hrtc, &sTime, RTC_FORMAT_BIN) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
sDate.WeekDay = RTC_WEEKDAY_MONDAY;
sDate.Month = RTC_MONTH_JANUARY;
sDate.Date = 1;
sDate.Year = 0;
if (HAL_RTC_SetDate(&hrtc, &sDate, RTC_FORMAT_BIN) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Enable the Alarm A
*/
sAlarm.AlarmTime.Hours = 0;
sAlarm.AlarmTime.Minutes = 0;
sAlarm.AlarmTime.Seconds = 0;
sAlarm.AlarmTime.SubSeconds = 0;
sAlarm.AlarmTime.DayLightSaving = RTC_DAYLIGHTSAVING_NONE;
sAlarm.AlarmTime.StoreOperation = RTC_STOREOPERATION_RESET;
sAlarm.AlarmMask = RTC_ALARMMASK_NONE;
sAlarm.AlarmSubSecondMask = RTC_ALARMSUBSECONDMASK_NONE;
sAlarm.AlarmDateWeekDaySel = RTC_ALARMDATEWEEKDAYSEL_DATE;
sAlarm.AlarmDateWeekDay = 1;
sAlarm.Alarm = RTC_ALARM_A;
if (HAL_RTC_SetAlarm_IT(&hrtc, &sAlarm, RTC_FORMAT_BIN) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN RTC_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END RTC_Init 2 */
}
/**
* @brief SPI1 Initialization Function
* @PAram None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_SPI1_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 1 */
/* SPI1 parameter configuration*/
hspi1.Instance = SPI1;
hspi1.Init.Mode = SPI_MODE_MASTER;
hspi1.Init.Direction = SPI_DIRECTION_2LINES;
hspi1.Init.DataSize = SPI_DATASIZE_8BIT;
hspi1.Init.CLKPolarity = SPI_POLARITY_LOW;
hspi1.Init.CLKPhase = SPI_PHASE_1EDGE;
hspi1.Init.NSS = SPI_NSS_SOFT;
hspi1.Init.BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BAUDRATEPRESCALER_32;
hspi1.Init.FirstBit = SPI_FIRSTBIT_MSB;
hspi1.Init.TIMode = SPI_TIMODE_DISABLE;
hspi1.Init.CRCCalculation = SPI_CRCCALCULATION_DISABLE;
hspi1.Init.CRCPolynomial = 7;
if (HAL_SPI_Init(&hspi1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END SPI1_Init 2 */
}
/**
* @brief TIM2 Initialization Function
* @PAram None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 0 */
TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
TIM_OC_InitTypeDef sConfigOC = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 1 */
htim2.Instance = TIM2;
htim2.Init.Prescaler = 63;
htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
htim2.Init.Period = 49999;
htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_TIM_PWM_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_TIM_OnePulse_Init(&htim2, TIM_OPMODE_SINGLE) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
sConfigOC.OCMode = TIM_OCMODE_PWM1;
sConfigOC.Pulse = 25000;
sConfigOC.OCPolarity = TIM_OCPOLARITY_HIGH;
sConfigOC.OCFastMode = TIM_OCFAST_DISABLE;
if (HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&htim2, &sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 2 */
setPeriod = htim2.Init.Period;
/* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 2 */
HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(&htim2);
}
/**
* @brief USART2 Initialization Function
* @PAram None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART2_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART2_Init 1 */
huart2.Instance = USART2;
huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END USART2_Init 2 */
}
/**
* @brief GPIO Initialization Function
* @PAram None
* @retval None
*/
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_1 */
/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE();
/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOA, PA15_RESERVED_Pin|PA12_RESERVED_Pin|PA1_RESERVED_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
/*Configure GPIO pin Output Level */
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC, PC1_RESERVED_Pin|PC0_RESERVED_Pin|PC2_RESERVED_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
/*Configure GPIO pins : PA15_RESERVED_Pin PA12_RESERVED_Pin PA1_RESERVED_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = PA15_RESERVED_Pin|PA12_RESERVED_Pin|PA1_RESERVED_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/*Configure GPIO pins : PB4_RESERVED_Pin PB6 PB1_RESERVED_Pin PB0_RESERVED_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = PB4_RESERVED_Pin|GPIO_PIN_6|PB1_RESERVED_Pin|PB0_RESERVED_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_IT_RISING;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/*Configure GPIO pin : PC13_RESERVED_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = PC13_RESERVED_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_IT_RISING;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
HAL_GPIO_Init(PC13_RESERVED_GPIO_Port, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/*Configure GPIO pins : PC1_RESERVED_Pin PC0_RESERVED_Pin PC2_RESERVED_Pin */
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = PC1_RESERVED_Pin|PC0_RESERVED_Pin|PC2_RESERVED_Pin;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* EXTI interrupt init*/
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(EXTI0_1_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(EXTI0_1_IRQn);
HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(EXTI4_15_IRQn, 0, 0);
HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(EXTI4_15_IRQn);
/* USER CODE BEGIN MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
/* USER CODE END MX_GPIO_Init_2 */
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void LoRaLoadDefaultValues(LoRa *LoRaInstance)
{
LoRaInstance->CS_port = NSS_GPIO_Port;
LoRaInstance->CS_pin = NSS_Pin;
LoRaInstance->reset_port = RESET_GPIO_Port;
LoRaInstance->reset_pin = RESET_Pin;
LoRaInstance->DIO0_port = DIO0_GPIO_Port;
LoRaInstance->DIO0_pin = DIO0_Pin;
LoRaInstance->hSPIx = &hspi1;
LoRaInstance->frequency = 902; // default = 433 MHz
LoRaInstance->spredingFactor = SF_7; // default = SF_7
LoRaInstance->bandWidth = BW_125KHz; // default = BW_125KHz
LoRaInstance->crcRate = CR_4_5; // default = CR_4_5
LoRaInstance->power = POWER_20db;//POWER_17db; // default = 20db
LoRaInstance->overCurrentProtection = 100;//100; // default = 100 mA
LoRaInstance->preamble = 8; // default = 8;
}
//take a number in character form and convert it to an integer.
uint8_t eightBitConvertCharToInt(uint8_t inputChar)
{
return inputChar - '0';
}
void copyAndStoreRxData(void)
{
uint8_t handshakeCheck[5];
uint8_t i = 0;
RxPulseCount = 0;
//these next 4 lines are to make sure that the data received is from us and not some other LoRa-based device.
for(i = 0; i < (strlen(RxBuffer)-1); i++) (handshakeCheck[i] = RxBuffer[i]);//store the handshake
handshakeCheck[4] = '\0'; //terminate the string
if(strcmp((char *)handshakeCheck, (char *)password) == 0) //check that the handshake matches the password
RxPulseCount = eightBitConvertCharToInt(RxBuffer[4]);//if the handshake is correct, store the pulse data
pulsesToSend += (uint16_t) RxPulseCount; //add the number of received pulses to memory
memset(RxBuffer, 0, sizeof(RxBuffer)); //clear the RX buffer
RxLength = 0;
}
/*the best practice for interrupts is to have them only toggle flags. any heavy lifting should be done in
*the main() to keep the program flow consistent and avoid having an output change mid-routine.
*/
void HAL_GPIO_EXTI_Callback(uint16_t GPIO_Pin)
{
/*
* The SoC on the development board is 2 microcontrollers in 1; the SX1276 (which is the LoRa driver) and
* the STM32L072Z, which is the main controller. The DIO0 (an output pin from the SX1276) has an internal
* connection with GPIOB pin 6. When the LoRa module has received data, the SX1276 pulls that pin HIGH,
* which triggers this interrupt.
*/
if(GPIO_Pin == DIO0_Pin)
RxReady = 1;
}
//this function keeps track of the number of pulses sent.
void HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(htim->Instance == TIM2) pulseComplete++;
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @PAram file: pointer to the source file name
* @PAram line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */