Welcome @Bao, to the community!
Well, the TM1640 is an LED driver that firstly cannot work with 3.3V and secondly has no I2C interface, but a simple serial interface.
But before you connect this 5V device to the STM32F405 working with 3.3V, you should first think about a level shifter for DIN and SCLK between STM32 and TM1640 to bring the 3.3V level to the required 5V level (VIH min 70% of VDD, i.e. 3.5V).
As a serial interface you can use SPI in half-duplex and transmit-only mode, for which you can find details in RM0090, e.g. in section 29.3.4.
Hope that helps?
Regards
/Peter